Description
Silver is a chemical element; it has symbol Ag (from Latin argentum ‘silver’, derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ ‘shiny, white’) and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth’s crust in the pure, free elemental form (“native silver”), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining.
Silver has long been valued as a precious metal. Silver metal is used in many bullion coins, sometimes
alongside gold: while it is more abundant than gold, it is much less abundant as a native metal. Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis; a 94%-pure alloy is described as “0.940 fine”. As one of the seven metals of antiquity, silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures.
Other than in currency and as an investment medium (coins and bullion), silver is used in solar panels, water filtration, jewelry, ornaments, high-value tableware and utensils (hence the term “silverware”), in electrical contacts and conductors, in specialized mirrors, window coatings, in catalysis of chemical reactions, as a colorant in stained glass, and in specialized confectionery. Its compounds are used in photographic and X-ray film. Dilute solutions of silver nitrate and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbicides (oligodynamic effect), added to bandages, wound-dressings, catheters, and other medical instruments
Calcite is a Carbonate mineral that is most widely distributed on the Earth’s surface. It is a common constituent of sedimentary rocks with Limestone in particular. A Calcite formation can take on many different shapes and sizes which is dependent on the location, ground water occurrence and temperature. Calcite is usually white or colorless but can be gray, red, yellow, green, blue, violet, brown or black. The deeper the color is usually indicative of the definitive impurities from the earth or water.
